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Radiant cooling has gained recent popularity in Europe and North America because it offers the potential to reduce cooling energy consumption and to reduce peak cooling loads when coupled with building thermal mass.

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Radiant cooling refers to any system where surrounding surface temperatures are lowered as means of removing sensible heat gain and thus contributing to thermal comfort.

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A hydronic radiant cooling system is an installation of embedded tubes or surface mounted panels that are designed to absorb and remove energy from a space, 50% to 80% of which is radiant energy. Just as in heating, a radiant cooling system uses the structure and surfaces of an area to transfer energy.

In radiant heating systems, the energy moves away from the heated surface towards the cooler area. In radiant cooling systems, the energy moves towards the cooled surface from the warmer area.

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PEX (crosslinked polyethylene) tubing is a specially designed plastic tubing with distinctive properties that make it ideal for radiant floor heating and plumbing systems. Uponor produces PEX-a tubing, which is considered the superior type of PEX.

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Currently, three methods for producing crosslinked polyethylene (PEX) tubing exist:

• Engel or peroxide method (PEX-a)
• Silane method (PEX-b)
• E-beam (electron beam) or radiation method (PEX-c)

All three processes generate tubing that is crosslinked to varying degrees, and are acceptable for potable water distribution applications according to ASTM F876 and F877 standards.

Uponor manufactures Engel-method PEX-a tubing. The PEX tubing industry considers this tubing superior because the crosslinking is done during the manufacturing process when polyethylene is in it amorphic state (above the crystalline melting point). Because of this, the degree of crosslinking reaches around 85% (higher than the other methods), resulting in a more uniform product with no weak links in the molecular chain. Learn more about why PEX-a Tubing is better.

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No. A phase change is required to address this load. This is accomplished by the ventilation system of the building. The ventilation system will also control the balance of the sensible load throughout the occupied time of the day.

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No, one system can both heat and cool and in some climates in North America, the system may do both throughout the day as well as be design to transport heat from one side of the building or the other!

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Yes. Specifically there are Low Mass and High Mass radiant cooling systems. Low mass radiant systems circulate cool water in specialized panels or beams and typically operate during the occupied time; high mass systems cool the building structure (slab, walls, ceilings) during unoccupied time and provide the additional advantage of off-peak cooling and further reduction in energy costs.

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Because radiant surfaces are often cooled only 2-4°C below the desired indoor air temperature, there are many opportunities for innovative cooling sources such as night fluid cooling, ground-coupled hydronic loops, and indirect evaporative cooling.

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• Museums
• Institutional & Educational facilities
• Office buildings & Atrium areas
• Manufacturing & Retail spaces
• Hospitals & Health Care facilities
• Dormitories, Barracks & Prisons
• Churches
• Airports

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Radiant cooling works best where wet bulb gain in the building can be controlled by the air handling system. Most often this is found in commercial building, however, in some climates where relative humidity is lower and in larger residences, where relative humidity can be controlled; radiant cooling is a additional strategy to lower cooling costs.

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Yes, a floor cooling system should primarily be used where the system also will be used for heating in winter.
Design a radiant heating/cooling system to maximize the cooling capacity.

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Yes, however the ducts can be smaller which saves  structural height
Ventilation is necessary to address the latent load and bring in the required refresh air.

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Yes, there are very considerable LEED advantages with radiant cooling systems.  Including, but not limited to peak loads that are reduced as a result of thermal energy storage in the panel structure, exposed walls, and partitions. Radiant cooling systems operate at a higher supply chilled water temperature, and therefore ground and bay water could be utilized.

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The cooling capacity of a floor system depends on the heat exchange between the floor surface and the space (convective and radiant heat exchange coefficient), the heat conduction between the floor surface and the tubes (floor surface material, type of concrete, slab thickness, spacing between tubes) and the heat transport by water (water flow rate, temperature difference between supply and return).
Dew point, floor coverings, AUST(average uncontrolled surface temperature) and average water temperature

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The heat transfer between the floor surface and the tubes is influenced by floor construction in the exact same physical way by floor cooling as by floor heating. Therefore the calculation of the cooling capacity can be based on the same method How about, how does a radiant cooling system work? Just in general without going too in depth.

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Less than 50W/m² (17 Btu/ft² . h). In spaces with direct sunshine on the floor (Atrium, entrance hall, show room) the cooling capacity will be significantly higher. (14 Btu/sqft/h)

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A floor cooling system must be controlled to avoid condensation. This may be done by a supply water temperature controlled by the dew point temperature.  It is possible to cool with a floor system, but the system should be used in conjunction with a supplemental system.

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